This work is licensed under a Creative Commons / Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License.
This work is licensed under a
Creative Commons / Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License.
The Muninn Organization Ontology is meant to deal with organizations, people and the relationships that bind them all.
This document is a working draft of the constructs used by the The Muninn Project to record the events of the Great War. As such its construction is being approached on an interative 'as needed' basis instead of a unified design effort. While changes are to be expected in this ontology, the core classes are expected to be permanent.
Warning: This ontology may contains some logical nconsistencies. It is fit to record information but reasoners may find logical errors in large knowledge bases.
This project was created as a result of some of the data and modelling problems encountered in the Muninn WW1 Project with respects to the people and geopolitical groups within the conflict. Previous ontologies, datasets and record formats prouved to be inadequate to represent the richeness of the data available and unable to provide grounding for entities that no longer exist. The ontology is also the civilian 'building block' onto which theMuninn Military ontology expands on.
The organization ontology provides classes, instances and properties for the modeling of states, corporations, groups and the people that make them up. Elements known to be previously existing at the time of the design of this ontology have been referenced when possible. However, some of these references can become stale or may not represent the same entity in the future as they do now.
Inspiration has been drawn from the UN Food and Agriculture Organization geopolitical ontology, the Open Government Ontology and DBPedia ontology. Extensive links are provided to DBPedia instances and FOAF classes where possible.
Most knowledge bases are built with a bias that assumes absolute truth over time without concern for hyphothesis or the contradictory recording of facts. This is usually done in the form of a document recording the information in tabular format, without an external peice of data recording the point in time at which this was true. A typical problem occurs when a document records the age of a person instead of a birthdate; there is no way to resolve a persons birthyear without knowing the year in which the infromation was recorded.
A second approach has been the use of an event-driven records keeping approach where any new fact is assigned a timestamp or ordered in a such a fashion that the sequence of entries is recorded. Thus the facts are only true within a certain time range at the cost of detailed records keeping. Data exchange becomes problematic in that identifying the correct instance to produce for a specific entity requires good temporal grounding.
This ontology is a hybrid in that it makes use of both methods by allowing precursor / succesor relationships, imprecise time stamping of basic 'it exists' events and classification within a basic identification taxonomy.
The initial design objectives for the ontology were:
Currently the ontology does not have appropriate support for locations.
| Ontology URL | Prefix | Count |
|---|---|---|
| http://rdf.muninn-project.org/ontologies/organization# | org | 28 |
| http://RDVocab.info/ElementsGr2/ | rdaGr2 | 5 |
| http://xmlns.com/foaf/spec/ | foaf | 44 |
| http://www.cidoc-crm.org/rdfs/5.0.4/cidoc-crm# | cidoc | 4 |
| http://d-nb.info/gnd/ | gnd | 5 |
| http://linkedevents.org/ontology/ | lode | 1 |
| http://dbpedia.org/resource/ | dbpedia | 43 |
| http://aims.fao.org/aos/geopolitical.owl# | fao | 2 |
| http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema# | xsd | 12 |
| http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/ | dc | 2 |
Temporal, and especially historical, data is messy, corrupt, wrong and... out of date. In many cases the data is uncertain because of transcription or recording errors before the uncertainty due to missing knowledge is even dealt with.
The ontology relies heavily on the well known W3 TIME ontology which can be augmented with the appropriate OWL constructs to deal with multiple temporal possibilities. Similarly to both FAO and DBPedia practice, the ontology also provides previousIncarnation and nextIncarnation properties which are independant of birthday and deathday properties. This permits the recording of the cultural and political lineage of organizations over time and represents a simple way of recording for example the roots of a political party or the changes in the political system of a country.
Because the ontology is meant to support modeling in multiple time periods, it is to be expected that not all of the classes or instances will be needed for all applications. Thus a special superclass called Era is provided that represents an historical era in time and space, without strongly defined temporal properties and without enforcing class membership restriction. The intent is to provide a classification tool were objects can be assigned to specific Eras and thus either quickly retrieve 'working sets' of needed objects or outright remove them from a local database if they are irrelevant.
Era's are sub-classes of time:ProperInterval to provide some support for loose temporal labeling if so desired and are the direct equivalent of the CIDOC Period class which has the same semantics. Since the intent of this specific class is simplicity, only two reciprocal properties are available for the Era class: eraContains and inEra whose respective range and domains are unspecified for maximum flexibility. This would ordinarilty cause concern for the proper functioning of reasonners. However, the class is only intended to be used as a retreival filter and not as a consistency checking mechanism. Eras also serve to select events which would ordinarily not be classified properly by official event dates. The demobilization of soldiers following the end of a war is usually past the date of cessation of hostilities while still being an event of the war.
The organization ontology provides a number of built-in historical Era instances documents in the Era term documentation.
The ontology futher provides a second level Event class that is a subclass of an Era but with strong temporal, sequential, actor and role semantics. Each event is discrete and may overlap with or contain other events.
The Linked Events ontology makes use of simple involved properties for its events which could only be extended through subproperties to indicate the role of each individual in the event.
This ontology makes use of a second level class Actor to link an individual with their role within the event. In a manner similar to CIDOC, Events can contain multiple actors playing roles within the event. Since the semantics of the role are referenced by the inRole property and may use any external role instance desired.
Naming a thing is a complex endaviour because of the different names assigned to things and people over time in different cultures. An ongoing problem is the representation of the name of a person or object. Beyond internationalisation and transliteration problems, there exists the decision of wheter the name is meant to be a machine-readable property or primarily a human-readable property.
Library cataloging systems have primarily relied on the later by providing several human readable strings (see: skos:prefLabel, ) with different typesets of names containing qualifiers (see: gnd:locQualifier GND) such as occupation and year of birth and/or death. This is meant to provide an easy recognition text field for the human being to process which ironically makes the machine recognition difficult since the concatenation of the strings may be missing information. These methods are very popular for exporting data from older systems, such as MARC, that took this representation method early on.
A second approach has been the use of different properties (fields) for the representation of the name parts with the differentiation of similar individuals provided by a primary key or linkage to works or records. This machine readable approach is classically database oriented.
This ontology chose the second approach in order to provide support for record linkage purposes and letting the application choose the appropriate typeset of the name. Muninn takes a flexible approach to naming things based on different localization of the <rfds:label> while keeping an original thing name based on the owners or local inhabitants.
The name of a thing is always recorded foaf:name for the original, non-disambiguated, short name used for the object in its original context. For example:
<Country> <foaf:name>Canada</foaf:name> <rfds:label xml:lang="en">Canada</rdfs:label> <rfds:label xml:lang="de">Kanada</rdfs:label> </Country>
<Country> <foaf:name>Российская</foaf:name> <rfds:label xml:lang="ru">Российская Империя</rdfs:label> <rfds:label xml:lang="en">Russian Empire</rdfs:label> <rfds:label xml:lang="fr">Empire Russe</rdfs:label> </Country>
A secondary problem is the use of an ontology that does not differentiate between the person and the different names that the person uses over time and in different context. Hence, names may change because of marriage (née), adoption, legal name change or knighthood.
Royal styles, nobility titles are especially problematic in that they are part appointment, role and name change. With some royal styles taking up several hundreds of characters, their parsing and storage is an incredibly complex task and it retreival problematic. The encoding of royal styles is done through the foaf:name term which records only the basic name of the monarc, such as Wilhem II, while the title property records the Kaiser.
<org:Person>
<org:name>Wilhelm II</org:name>
<org:title xml:lang="de">Kaiser</org:title>
<org:firstName xml:lang="en">Frederick</org:firstName>
<org:middleName1 xml:lang="en">William</org:middleName0>
<org:middleName2 xml:lang="en">Victor</org:middleName1>
<org:lastName xml:lang="en">Albert</org:lastName>
<org:firstName xml:lang="de">Friedrich</org:firstName>
<org:middleName1 xml:lang="de">Wilhelm</org:middleName0>
<org:middleName2 xml:lang="de">Viktor</org:middleName1>
<org:lastName xml:lang="de">Albrecht</org:lastName>
<owl:sameAs resource="http://dbpedia.org/resource/Wilhelm_II,_German_Emperor"/>
</org:Person>
<org:Person>
<org:name>George V</org:name>
<org:title xml:lang="de">King</org:title>
<org:firstName xml:lang="en">George</org:firstName>
<org:middleName1 xml:lang="en">Frederick</org:middleName0>
<org:middleName2 xml:lang="en">Ernest</org:middleName1>
<org:lastName xml:lang="en">Albert</org:lastName>
<owl:sameAs resource="http://dbpedia.org/resource/George_V"/>
</org:Person>
The ontological design of is that the name in the simple name of the person such as Goerge, Cathrine or George.
<org:Person>
<org:name>Catherine</org:name>
<org:title xml:lang="de">Duchess of Cambridge</org:title>
<org:firstName xml:lang="en">Catherine</org:firstName>
<org:lastName xml:lang="en">Elizabeth</org:lastName>
<org:nameChangedFrom resource="..."/>
<owl:sameAs resource="http://dbpedia.org/resource/Catherine,_Duchess_of_Cambridge"/>
</org:Person>
Ideally, a seperate class would be used to represent names and hence enforce a seperation between the physical person and the labels that it uses. However, since the Person class is based on the FOAF person class, such re-engineering is not currently possible.
Gender assigment within this ontology was initially mean to support simple identification from a record linkage perspective and genelogical linkage in the Mother (female) and Father (male) sense. Initially it was tought that as the Muninn data was primarily made from semi-official documents of people from the Victorian and Edwardian Eras, a simple Male, Female instances from a Gender class would be sufficient.
However, colloquisms used on some of the English text (and their subsequent machine parsing) required additional work on the gender instances. Consider the following plaqueRDF, titled 'To the glory of god and in memory of the men of Glengarry who gave their lives in the Great War'. Among the dead is listed 'Janet McIntosh, Nursing Sisten', most definiatly a woman.
While there are cultural and linguistic reasons for this contradiction, the parsing engines are not allways aware of them and while a number of other terms in everyday language have a tranditionally assigned gender (Waiter, Clercks, Secretary), they have come to mean anyone in that occupation.
To deal with this situation gracefully this ontology provides a top level Gender superclass that contains both SimpleGender and StrictGender classes with the main difference being that the instances of StrictGender are disjoint with one another. Thus, while the Women and Men instances of StrictGender cannot co-exist at the same time, Women and Men are not mutually exclusive in the SimpleGender class. Also, there is an alternate ISO/IEC 5218 gender class provinding Male, Female, Unknown and Don't Care.
Currently the ontology does not link Saluation with Gender through there is an obvious relationshp there to exploit in the future. Recently, the Diaspora Project has some dicussion on creating an appropriate modern day data-type for a gender property which resulted in an un-typed string. The Drupal and w3 vcard communities have had some similar thoughts, including the need to link saluations and name prefix to gender. We suggest that users of this ontology experiment with subclasses of gender rather than simple string fields to encourage interoperability of standards where appropriate.
In the organization ontology, Trades, (civilian and military) Ranks and Appointements are subclasses of the Role class. This reflects the generalization that all of these terms refer to the concept of someone performing a task over a period of time.
Classes: Acting_Rank, Actor, Air_Based_Organization, Appointment, Colony, Commonwealth, Constitutional_Monarchy, Constitutional_State, Dominion, Era, Event, Federation, Gender, GenderISO5218, Ground_Based_Organization, Monarchy, Organization, Person, Political_Organization, Province, Rank, Republic, Role, Satellite_State, Semi_Presidential_Republic, SimpleGender, Sovereign_State, Spaced_Based_Organization, State, StrictGender, Subject_State, Trade, Water_Based_Organization,
Properties: Commands, Leads, allegiance, birthday, deathday, eraContains, firstName, gender, hasActor, hasAttached, hasPart, honorificPrefix, honorificSuffix, identity, inEra, inRole, isAttachedTo, isLeadBy, isPartOf, is_Commanded_By, lastName, maiden_name, married_name, middleName1, middleName2, middleName3, middleName4, middleName5, name, nameChangedFrom, nameChangedTo, nameQualifier, nameUsedRules, nextIncarnation, next_instantiation, nominalSize, previousIncarnation, previous_instantiation, sovereign_over, trueAt,
Instances: canada, dnwfoundland, EraAncienRegimeFrance, EraBritishEmpire, EraBritishRaj, EraBronzeAge, EraColdWar, EraGreatWar, EraIndustrialRevolution, EraInterwar, EraIronAge, EraMiddleAges, EraModernhistory, EraNapoleonic, EraSecondWorldWar, EraVictorian, GenderISO5218-0, GenderISO5218-1, GenderISO5218-2, GenderISO5218-9, province_of_newfoundland, RoleAunt, RoleChild, RoleClergy, RoleCousin, RoleDaughter, RoleFather, RoleFriend, RoleGrandparent, RoleHusband, RoleLeader, RoleMother, RoleNephew, RoleNiece, RoleParent, RoleSibling, RoleSon, RoleUncle, RoleWife, RoleWitness, SimpleGender-F, SimpleGender-M, StrictGender-F, StrictGender-M, TradeChaplain, TradeGroom, TradeMatron, TradeNurse, TradeNursing_Sister, TradeSailor, TradeSister,
URI: http://rdf.muninn-project.org/ontologies/organization#Acting_Rank
Acting Rank - A temporairy rank with a hierarchy.
No detailed documentation for this term.
URI: http://rdf.muninn-project.org/ontologies/organization#Actor
Actor - A person performing a certain role within an event.
No detailed documentation for this term.
URI: http://rdf.muninn-project.org/ontologies/organization#Air_Based_Organization
Air Based Organization - High level class for people and organizations that live and work in the air.
No detailed documentation for this term.
URI: http://rdf.muninn-project.org/ontologies/organization#Appointment
Appointment - An appointment to a specific post or function.
URI: http://rdf.muninn-project.org/ontologies/organization#Colony
Colony (Political) - A colony of some other organization.
No detailed documentation for this term.
URI: http://rdf.muninn-project.org/ontologies/organization#Commonwealth
Commonwealth (State) - Not British Commonwealth
No detailed documentation for this term.
URI: http://rdf.muninn-project.org/ontologies/organization#Constitutional_Monarchy
Constitutional Monarchy -
No detailed documentation for this term.
URI: http://rdf.muninn-project.org/ontologies/organization#Constitutional_State
Constitutional State -
No detailed documentation for this term.
URI: http://rdf.muninn-project.org/ontologies/organization#Dominion
Dominion - A dominion of a state..
No detailed documentation for this term.
URI: http://rdf.muninn-project.org/ontologies/organization#Era
Era (Historical) - An loosely defined historical era to which objects can belong.
An historical era which can be defined more or less loosely according to a calendar but has weaker semantics than an event. Eras are primarily meant to deal with a quick way to categorize instances and classes in certain periods.
The Era instances available in this ontology are:
The Industrial Revolution was a period from the 18th to the 19th century where major changes in agriculture, manufacturing, mining, transportation, and technology had a profound effect on the socioeconomic and cultural conditions of the times. It began in the United Kingdom, then subsequently spread throughout Europe, North America, and eventually the world. The Industrial Revolution marks a major turning point in human history; almost every aspect of daily life was influenced in some way.
The Bronze Age is a period characterized by the use of copper and its alloy bronze as the chief hard materials in the manufacture of some implements and weapons. Chronologically, it stands between the Stone Age and Iron Age. The term Stone Age implies the inability to smelt any ore, the term Bronze Age implies the inability to smelt iron ore and the term Iron Age implies the ability to manufacture artifacts in any of the three types of hard material.
The Iron Age is the archaeological period generally occurring after the Bronze Age, marked by the prevalent use of iron. The early period of the age is characterized by the widespread use of iron or steel. The adoption of such material coincided with other changes in society, including differing agricultural practices, religious beliefs and artistic styles.
The Middle Ages was a period of European history from the 5th to the 15th century. The period followed the fall of the Western Roman Empire in 476, and preceded the Early Modern Era. It is the middle period in a three-period division of history: Classic, Medieval, and Modern. The term "Middle Ages" first appears in Latin in the 15th century and reflects the view that this period was a deviation from the path of classical learning, a path supposedly reconnected by Renaissance scholarship.
Modern history, or the modern era, describes the historical timeline after the Middle Ages. Modern history can be further broken down into the early modern period and the late modern period after the French Revolution and the Industrial Revolution. Contemporary history describes the span of historic events that are immediately relevant to the present time. The modern era began approximately in the 16th century.
The Ancien Régime (Old Regime) refers primarily to the aristocratic, social and political system established in France from (roughly) the 15th century to the 18th century under the late Valois and Bourbon dynasties.
The Napoleonic Era is a period in the history of France and Europe. It is generally classified as including the fourth and final stage of the French Revolution, the first being the National Assembly, the second being the Legislative Assembly, and the third being the Directory.
The British Empire comprised the dominions, colonies, protectorates, mandates, and other territories ruled or administered by the United Kingdom. It originated with the overseas colonies and trading posts established by England in the late 16th and early 17th centuries. At its height it was the largest empire in history and, for over a century, was the foremost global power.
The British Raj is the name given to the period of British colonial rule in South Asia between 1858 and 1947; it can also refer to the dominion itself and even the region under the rule. The region, commonly called India in contemporary usage, included areas directly administered by Britain, as well as the princely states ruled by individual rulers under the paramountcy of the British Crown.
The Victorian era of the United Kingdom was the period of Queen Victoria's reign from 20 June 1837 until her death on 22 January 1901. It was a long period of prosperity for the British people. Some scholars extend the beginning of the period-as defined by a variety of sensibilities and political concerns that have come to be associated with the Victorians-back five years to the passage of the Reform Act 1832. The era was preceded by the Georgian period and succeeded by the Edwardian period.
The First World War Era encompasses all the objects of the war, including events or objects that led to the war and immediate aftermath, such as demobilization.
The Second World War Era encompasses all the objects of the war, including events or objects that led to the war and immediate aftermath, such as demobilization.
The Interwar Era encompasses all the objects that link the world wars together.
The Cold War era contains objects from that era, including historical beginnings and consequences.
URI: http://rdf.muninn-project.org/ontologies/organization#Event
Event (Historical) - An event that occurs in space and time.
No detailed documentation for this term.
URI: http://rdf.muninn-project.org/ontologies/organization#Federation
Federation -
No detailed documentation for this term.
URI: http://rdf.muninn-project.org/ontologies/organization#Gender
Gender - Superclass for different coding of Gender types. Extend as necessary.
No detailed documentation for this term.
URI: http://rdf.muninn-project.org/ontologies/organization#GenderISO5218
Gender (ISO/IEC 5218) - Strict F/M coding of Gender types, with restriction.
No detailed documentation for this term.
URI: http://rdf.muninn-project.org/ontologies/organization#Ground_Based_Organization
Ground Based Organization - High level class for people and organizations that live and work on (and under) the ground.
No detailed documentation for this term.
URI: http://rdf.muninn-project.org/ontologies/organization#Monarchy
Monarchy -
No detailed documentation for this term.
URI: http://rdf.muninn-project.org/ontologies/organization#Organization
A moral person - An organization or group of people with a common goal, incorporated or not. In the Muninn context use this class for any organised group and the foaf:Group class for any un-organized group.
No detailed documentation for this term.
URI: http://rdf.muninn-project.org/ontologies/organization#Person
A natural person - A real person.
No detailed documentation for this term.
URI: http://rdf.muninn-project.org/ontologies/organization#Political_Organization
A Political Organization - An organization that is political in that it forms its own policy.
No detailed documentation for this term.
URI: http://rdf.muninn-project.org/ontologies/organization#Province
Province - A province of a state.
No detailed documentation for this term.
URI: http://rdf.muninn-project.org/ontologies/organization#Rank
Rank - A rank with a hierarchy.
No detailed documentation for this term.
URI: http://rdf.muninn-project.org/ontologies/organization#Republic
Republic -
No detailed documentation for this term.
URI: http://rdf.muninn-project.org/ontologies/organization#Role
Role - A role or function without a specific organizationa context.
Roles are weakly classed occupations and/or a status within a weakly defined context.
URI: http://rdf.muninn-project.org/ontologies/organization#Satellite_State
Statellite State - A state which is under the sphere of influence of another without being part of it.
No detailed documentation for this term.
URI: http://rdf.muninn-project.org/ontologies/organization#Semi_Presidential_Republic
Semi Presidential Republic -
No detailed documentation for this term.
URI: http://rdf.muninn-project.org/ontologies/organization#SimpleGender
SimplebGender - Simple F/M coding of Gender types.
No detailed documentation for this term.
URI: http://rdf.muninn-project.org/ontologies/organization#Sovereign_State
Sovereign State - A state that is sovereign in all aspects.
No detailed documentation for this term.
URI: http://rdf.muninn-project.org/ontologies/organization#Spaced_Based_Organization
Space Based Organization - High level class for people and organizations that live and work in outer space.
No detailed documentation for this term.
URI: http://rdf.muninn-project.org/ontologies/organization#State
A State - A state, wheter sovereign or satelite of another.
No detailed documentation for this term.
URI: http://rdf.muninn-project.org/ontologies/organization#StrictGender
Gender (Strict) - Strict F/M coding of Gender types, with restriction.
No detailed documentation for this term.
URI: http://rdf.muninn-project.org/ontologies/organization#Subject_State
Subject State - A state within another.
No detailed documentation for this term.
URI: http://rdf.muninn-project.org/ontologies/organization#Trade
Trade - A job function or specific occupation.
No detailed documentation for this term.
URI: http://rdf.muninn-project.org/ontologies/organization#Water_Based_Organization
Water Based Organization - High level class for people and organizations that live and work on (and under) water.
No detailed documentation for this term.
URI: http://rdf.muninn-project.org/ontologies/organization#Commands
Commands -
No detailed documentation for this term.
URI: http://rdf.muninn-project.org/ontologies/organization#Leads
Leads -
No detailed documentation for this term.
URI: http://rdf.muninn-project.org/ontologies/organization#allegiance
-
No detailed documentation for this term.
URI: http://rdf.muninn-project.org/ontologies/organization#birthday
BirthDay - The birthday of a natural person or the foundation date of an organization.
No detailed documentation for this term.
URI: http://rdf.muninn-project.org/ontologies/organization#deathday
Death Day - The death day of a natural person or the termination date of an organization.
No detailed documentation for this term.
URI: http://rdf.muninn-project.org/ontologies/organization#eraContains
Contains - Indicates that the Era contains the Class, Property or Instances belongs to this perticular Era.
URI: http://rdf.muninn-project.org/ontologies/organization#firstName
First Name - The first name of the person.
No detailed documentation for this term.
URI: http://rdf.muninn-project.org/ontologies/organization#gender
Gender - The gender of person, class or role. Use this for gender hints in roles such as 'Sister'.
No detailed documentation for this term.
URI: http://rdf.muninn-project.org/ontologies/organization#hasActor
hasActor - An Actor in this event.
No detailed documentation for this term.
URI: http://rdf.muninn-project.org/ontologies/organization#hasAttached
has Attached -
No detailed documentation for this term.
URI: http://rdf.muninn-project.org/ontologies/organization#hasPart
has Part -
No detailed documentation for this term.
URI: http://rdf.muninn-project.org/ontologies/organization#honorificPrefix
honorific Prefix - Used primarily for Royal titles.
No detailed documentation for this term.
URI: http://rdf.muninn-project.org/ontologies/organization#honorificSuffix
Honorific Suffix - Used primarily for Royal titles.
No detailed documentation for this term.
URI: http://rdf.muninn-project.org/ontologies/organization#identity
Identity - The identity of the person who committed the act.
No detailed documentation for this term.
URI: http://rdf.muninn-project.org/ontologies/organization#inEra
In Era - Indicates that the Class, Property or Instances belongs to this perticular Era.
URI: http://rdf.muninn-project.org/ontologies/organization#inRole
In Role - The role taken on by this actor.
No detailed documentation for this term.
URI: http://rdf.muninn-project.org/ontologies/organization#isAttachedTo
is Part Of -
No detailed documentation for this term.
URI: http://rdf.muninn-project.org/ontologies/organization#isLeadBy
is Lead By -
No detailed documentation for this term.
URI: http://rdf.muninn-project.org/ontologies/organization#isPartOf
is Part Of -
No detailed documentation for this term.
URI: http://rdf.muninn-project.org/ontologies/organization#is_Commanded_By
is Commanded By -
No detailed documentation for this term.
URI: http://rdf.muninn-project.org/ontologies/organization#lastName
Last Name - The last name of the person.
No detailed documentation for this term.
URI: http://rdf.muninn-project.org/ontologies/organization#maiden_name
-
No detailed documentation for this term.
URI: http://rdf.muninn-project.org/ontologies/organization#married_name
-
No detailed documentation for this term.
URI: http://rdf.muninn-project.org/ontologies/organization#middleName1
Middle Name (First) - The first middle name of the person, in the order that the name is read.
No detailed documentation for this term.
URI: http://rdf.muninn-project.org/ontologies/organization#middleName2
Middle Name (Second) - The second middle name of the person, in the order that the name is read.
No detailed documentation for this term.
URI: http://rdf.muninn-project.org/ontologies/organization#middleName3
Middle Name (Third) - The third middle name of the person, in the order that the name is read.
No detailed documentation for this term.
URI: http://rdf.muninn-project.org/ontologies/organization#middleName4
Middle Name (Fourth) - The fourth middle name of the person, in the order that the name is read.
No detailed documentation for this term.
URI: http://rdf.muninn-project.org/ontologies/organization#middleName5
Middle Name (Fifth) - The fifth middle name of the person, in the order that the name is read.
No detailed documentation for this term.
URI: http://rdf.muninn-project.org/ontologies/organization#name
Name - The name of the person. See namingRuleUsed property for formatting.
URI: http://rdf.muninn-project.org/ontologies/organization#nameChangedFrom
-
No detailed documentation for this term.
URI: http://rdf.muninn-project.org/ontologies/organization#nameChangedTo
-
No detailed documentation for this term.
URI: http://rdf.muninn-project.org/ontologies/organization#nameQualifier
Name Qualifier - Used to disambiguate person according to role or era. Use for rdf:label, needs further delegation.
No detailed documentation for this term.
URI: http://rdf.muninn-project.org/ontologies/organization#nameUsedRules
Name used rule - This property describes the rules used to create the contents of the name property. Should have a class definition for this.
No detailed documentation for this term.
URI: http://rdf.muninn-project.org/ontologies/organization#nextIncarnation
Next Incarnation -
No detailed documentation for this term.
URI: http://rdf.muninn-project.org/ontologies/organization#next_instantiation
-
No detailed documentation for this term.
URI: http://rdf.muninn-project.org/ontologies/organization#nominalSize
Nominal Headcount - The nominal headcount of this organization or class of organization.
No detailed documentation for this term.
URI: http://rdf.muninn-project.org/ontologies/organization#previousIncarnation
Previous Incarnation -
No detailed documentation for this term.
URI: http://rdf.muninn-project.org/ontologies/organization#previous_instantiation
-
No detailed documentation for this term.
URI: http://rdf.muninn-project.org/ontologies/organization#sovereign_over
-
No detailed documentation for this term.
URI: http://rdf.muninn-project.org/ontologies/organization#trueAt
-
No detailed documentation for this term.
URI: http://rdf.muninn-project.org/ww1/2011/11/11/Dominion/canada
Canada (Dominion) -
No detailed documentation for this term.
URI: http://rdf.muninn-project.org/ww1/2011/11/11/Dominion/dnwfoundland
Newfoundland and Labrador (Dominion) -
No detailed documentation for this term.
URI: http://rdf.muninn-project.org/ontologies/organization#EraAncienRegimeFrance
Ancien Régime in France - The Ancien Régime (Old Regime) refers primarily to the aristocratic, social and political system established in France from (roughly) the 15th century to the 18th century under the late Valois and Bourbon dynasties. (Wikipedia)
The Ancien Régime (Old Regime) refers primarily to the aristocratic, social and political system established in France from (roughly) the 15th century to the 18th century under the late Valois and Bourbon dynasties. The administrative and social structures of the Ancien Régime were the result of years of state-building, legislative acts, internal conflicts and civil wars, but they remained a confusing patchwork of local privilege and historic differences until the French Revolution brought about a radical suppression of administrative incoherence. Much of the medieval political centralization of France had been lost in the Hundred Years' War, and the Valois Dynasty's attempts at re-establishing control over the scattered political centres of the country were hindered by the Wars of Religion. Much of the reigns of Henry IV, Louis XIII and the early years of Louis XIV were focused on administrative centralization. Despite, however, the notion of "absolute monarchy" (typified by the king's right to issue lettres de cachet) and the efforts by the kings to create a centralized state, ancien régime France remained a country of systemic irregularities: administrative (including taxation), legal, judicial, and ecclesiastic divisions and prerogatives frequently overlapped, while the French nobility struggled to maintain their own rights in the matters of local government and justice, and powerful internal conflicts protested against this centralization. The need for centralization in this period was directly linked to the question of royal finances and the ability to wage war. The internal conflicts and dynastic crises of the 16th and 17th centuries and the territorial expansion of France in the 17th century demanded great sums which needed to be raised through taxes, such as the taille and the gabelle and by contributions of men and service from the nobility. One key to this centralization was the replacing of personal "clientele" systems organized around the king and other nobles by institutional systems around the state. The creation of the Intendants - representatives of royal power in the provinces - did much to undermine local control by regional nobles. The same was true of the greater reliance shown by the royal court on the "noblesse de robe" as judges and royal counselors. The creation of regional parlements had initially the same goal of facilitating the introduction of royal power into newly assimilated territories, but as the parlements gained in self-assurance, they began to be sources of disunity. (Wikipedia)
URI: http://rdf.muninn-project.org/ontologies/organization#EraBritishEmpire
British Empire - The British Empire comprised the dominions, colonies, protectorates, mandates, and other territories ruled or administered by the United Kingdom. It originated with the overseas colonies and trading posts established by England in the late 16th and early 17th centuries. At its height it was the largest empire in history and, for over a century, was the foremost global power.
The British Empire comprised the dominions, colonies, protectorates, mandates, and other territories ruled or administered by the United Kingdom. It originated with the overseas colonies and trading posts established by England in the late 16th and early 17th centuries. At its height it was the largest empire in history and, for over a century, was the foremost global power. By 1922 the British Empire held sway over about 458 million people, one-quarter of the world's population at the time, and covered more than 33,700,000 km (13,012,000 sq mi), almost a quarter of the Earth's total land area. As a result, its political, linguistic and cultural legacy is widespread. At the peak of its power, it was often said that "the sun never sets on the British Empire" because its span across the globe ensured that the sun was always shining on at least one of its numerous territories. During the Age of Discovery in the 15th and 16th centuries, Portugal and Spain pioneered European exploration of the globe, and in the process established large overseas empires. Envious of the great wealth these empires bestowed, England, France and the Netherlands began to establish colonies and trade networks of their own in the Americas and Asia. A series of wars in the 17th and 18th centuries with the Netherlands and France left England the dominant colonial power in North America and India. The loss of the Thirteen Colonies in North America in 1783 after a war of independence deprived Britain of some of its oldest and most populous colonies. British attention soon turned towards Africa, Asia and the Pacific. Following the defeat of Napoleonic France in 1815, Britain enjoyed a century of almost unchallenged dominance, and expanded its imperial holdings across the globe. Increasing degrees of autonomy were granted to its white settler colonies, some of which were reclassified as dominions. The growth of Germany and the United States had eroded Britain's economic lead by the end of the 19th century. Subsequent military and economic tensions between Britain and Germany were major causes of the First World War, during which Britain relied heavily upon its Empire. The conflict placed enormous financial strain on Britain, and although the Empire achieved its largest territorial extent immediately after the war, it was no longer a peerless industrial or military power. The Second World War saw Britain's colonies in South-East Asia occupied by Japan, which damaged British prestige and accelerated the decline of the Empire, despite the eventual victory of Britain and its allies. India, Britain's most valuable and populous possession, won independence within two years of the end of the war. After the end of the Second World War, as part of a larger decolonisation movement by European powers, most of the territories of the British Empire were granted independence, ending with the handover of Hong Kong to the People's Republic of China in 1997. 14 territories remain under British sovereignty, the British Overseas Territories. After independence, many former British colonies joined the Commonwealth of Nations, a free association of independent states. 16 Commonwealth nations share their head of state, Queen Elizabeth II, as Commonwealth realms. (Wikipedia)
URI: http://rdf.muninn-project.org/ontologies/organization#EraBritishRaj
British Raj - The British Raj is the name given to the period of British colonial rule in South Asia between 1858 and 1947; it can also refer to the dominion itself and even the region under the rule. The region, commonly called India in contemporary usage, included areas directly administered by Britain, as well as the princely states ruled by individual rulers under the paramountcy of the British Crown.
The British Raj is the name given to the period of British colonial rule in South Asia between 1858 and 1947; it can also refer to the dominion itself and even the region under the rule. The region, commonly called India in contemporary usage, included areas directly administered by Britain, as well as the princely states ruled by individual rulers under the paramountcy of the British Crown. After 1876, the resulting political union was officially called the Indian Empire and issued passports under that name. As India, it was a founding member of the League of Nations, the United Nations, and a member nation of the Summer Olympics in 1900, 1920, 1928, 1932, and 1936. The system of governance was instituted in 1858 when the rule of the British East India Company was transferred to the Crown in the person of Queen Victoria (and who in 1877 was proclaimed Empress of India). It lasted until 1947, when the British Indian Empire was partitioned into two sovereign dominion states: the Union of India and the Dominion of Pakistan (later the Islamic Republic of Pakistan, the eastern half of which, still later, became the People's Republic of Bangladesh). The province of Burma in the eastern region of the Indian Empire was made a separate colony in 1937 and became independent in 1948.(Wikipedia)
URI: http://rdf.muninn-project.org/ontologies/organization#EraBronzeAge
Bronze Age - The Bronze Age is a period characterized by the use of copper and its alloy bronze as the chief hard materials in the manufacture of some implements and weapons. Chronologically, it stands between the Stone Age and Iron Age. The term Stone Age implies the inability to smelt any ore, the term Bronze Age implies the inability to smelt iron ore and the term Iron Age implies the ability to manufacture artifacts in any of the three types of hard material.
The Bronze Age is a period characterized by the use of copper and its alloy bronze as the chief hard materials in the manufacture of some implements and weapons. Chronologically, it stands between the Stone Age and Iron Age. The term Stone Age implies the inability to smelt any ore, the term Bronze Age implies the inability to smelt iron ore and the term Iron Age implies the ability to manufacture artifacts in any of the three types of hard material. Their arrangement in the archaeological chronology reflects the difficulty of manufacture in the history of technology. During the past few centuries of detailed, scientific study of the Bronze Age, it became clear that on the whole the use of copper or bronze was only the most stable and therefore the most diagnostic part of a cluster of features marking the period. In addition to the creation of bronze from raw materials and the widespread use of bronze tools and weapons, the period continued development of pictogramic or ideogramic symbols and proto-writing and other features of urban civilization. The Bronze Age is the 2nd principal period of the three-age system as proposed in modern times by Christian Jürgensen Thomsen for classifying and studying ancient societies. A region could be in the Bronze Age either by smelting its own copper and alloying with tin or by trading for bronze from production areas elsewhere. Copper/tin ores are rare, as reflected in the fact that there were no tin bronzes in western Asia before the third millennium BCE. Worldwide, the Bronze Age generally followed the Neolithic period, but in some parts of the world, a Copper Age served as a transition from the Neolithic to the Bronze Age. Although the Iron Age generally followed the Bronze age, in some areas such as sub-Saharan Africa, the Iron Age intruded directly on the Neolithic from outside the region. A difference between some of the Bronze Age cultures was the development of the first writings. Cultures in Egypt, the Near East, but also in the Mediterranean, with the Mycenaean culture, had viable systems of written communication. The archaeological findings are evidence of the first written sources.(Wikipedia)
URI: http://rdf.muninn-project.org/ontologies/organization#EraColdWar
Cold War Era - The Cold War era contains objects from that era, including historical beginnings and consequences.
No detailed documentation for this term.
URI: http://rdf.muninn-project.org/ontologies/organization#EraGreatWar
First World War Era - The First World War Era encompasses all the objects of the war, including events or objects that led to the war and immediate aftermath, such as demobilization.
No detailed documentation for this term.
URI: http://rdf.muninn-project.org/ontologies/organization#EraIndustrialRevolution
Industrial Revolution - The Industrial Revolution was a period from the 18th to the 19th century where major changes in agriculture, manufacturing, mining, transportation, and technology had a profound effect on the socioeconomic and cultural conditions of the times. It began in the United Kingdom, then subsequently spread throughout Europe, North America, and eventually the world. The Industrial Revolution marks a major turning point in human history; almost every aspect of daily life was influenced in some way.
The Industrial Revolution was a period from the 18th to the 19th century where major changes in agriculture, manufacturing, mining, transportation, and technology had a profound effect on the socioeconomic and cultural conditions of the times. It began in the United Kingdom, then subsequently spread throughout Europe, North America, and eventually the world. The Industrial Revolution marks a major turning point in human history; almost every aspect of daily life was influenced in some way. Most notably, average income and population began to exhibit unprecedented sustained growth. In the two centuries following 1800, the world's average per capita income increased over 10-fold, while the world's population increased over 6-fold. In the words of Nobel Prize winner Robert E. Lucas, Jr. , "For the first time in history, the living standards of the masses of ordinary people have begun to undergo sustained growth. ... Nothing remotely like this economic behavior has happened before. " Starting in the later part of the 18th century, there began a transition in parts of Great Britain's previously manual labour and draft-animal-based economy towards machine-based manufacturing. It started with the mechanisation of the textile industries, the development of iron-making techniques and the increased use of refined coal. Trade expansion was enabled by the introduction of canals, improved roads and railways. The introduction of steam power fuelled primarily by coal, wider utilisation of water wheels and powered machinery underpinned the dramatic increases in production capacity. The development of all-metal machine tools in the first two decades of the 19th century facilitated the manufacture of more production machines for manufacturing in other industries. The effects spread throughout Western Europe and North America during the 19th century, eventually affecting most of the world, a process that continues as industrialisation. The impact of this change on society was enormous. The First Industrial Revolution, which began in the 18th century, merged into the Second Industrial Revolution around 1850, when technological and economic progress gained momentum with the development of steam-powered ships, railways, and later in the 19th century with the internal combustion engine and electrical power generation. The period of time covered by the Industrial Revolution varies with different historians. Eric Hobsbawm held that it 'broke out' in Britain in the 1780s and was not fully felt until the 1830s or 1840s, while T. S. Ashton held that it occurred roughly between 1760 and 1830. Some 20th century historians such as John Clapham and Nicholas Crafts have argued that the process of economic and social change took place gradually and the term revolution is a misnomer. This is still a subject of debate among historians. GDP per capita was broadly stable before the Industrial Revolution and the emergence of the modern capitalist economy. The Industrial Revolution began an era of per-capita economic growth in capitalist economies. Economic historians are in agreement that the onset of the Industrial Revolution is the most important event in the history of humanity since the domestication of animals and plants.(Wikipedia)
URI: http://rdf.muninn-project.org/ontologies/organization#EraInterwar
Inter War Era - The Interwar Era encompasses all the objects that link the world wars together.
No detailed documentation for this term.
URI: http://rdf.muninn-project.org/ontologies/organization#EraIronAge
Iron Age - The Iron Age is the archaeological period generally occurring after the Bronze Age, marked by the prevalent use of iron. The early period of the age is characterized by the widespread use of iron or steel. The adoption of such material coincided with other changes in society, including differing agricultural practices, religious beliefs and artistic styles.
The Iron Age is the archaeological period generally occurring after the Bronze Age, marked by the prevalent use of iron. The early period of the age is characterized by the widespread use of iron or steel. The adoption of such material coincided with other changes in society, including differing agricultural practices, religious beliefs and artistic styles. The Iron Age as an archaeological term indicates the condition as to civilization and culture of a people using iron as the material for their cutting tools and weapons. The Iron Age is the 3rd principal period of the three-age system created by Christian Jürgensen Thomsen for classifying ancient societies and prehistoric stages of progress. In historical archaeology, the ancient literature of the Iron Age includes the earliest texts preserved in manuscript tradition. Sanskrit literature and Chinese literature flourished in the Age. Other text includes the Avestan Gathas, the Indian Vedas and the oldest parts of the Hebrew Bible. The principal feature that distinguishes the Iron Age from the preceding ages is the introduction of alphabetic characters, and the consequent development of written language which laid the foundations of literature and historic record. The beginning of the Iron Age in Europe and adjacent areas is characterized by forms of implements, weapons, personal ornaments, and pottery, and also by systems of decorative design, which are altogether different from those of the preceding age of bronze. The work of blacksmiths, developing implements and weapons, are hammered into shape, and as a necessary consequence the stereotyped forms of their predecessors in bronze, which were cast, but are gradually departed from, and the system of decoration, which in the Bronze Age consisted chiefly of a repetition of rectilinear patterns, gives place to a system of curvilinear and flowing designs. The term "Iron Age" has low real chronological value, for there is not a universal synchronous sequence of the three epochs in all quarters of the world. The dates and context vary depending on the geographical region; the sequence is not necessarily true of every part of the earth's surface, for there are areas, such as the islands of the South Pacific, the interior of Africa, and parts of North and South America, where the peoples have passed directly from the use of stone to the use of iron without the intervention of an age of bronze. (Wikipedia)
URI: http://rdf.muninn-project.org/ontologies/organization#EraMiddleAges
Middle Ages - The Middle Ages was a period of European history from the 5th to the 15th century. The period followed the fall of the Western Roman Empire in 476, and preceded the Early Modern Era. It is the middle period in a three-period division of history: Classic, Medieval, and Modern. The term "Middle Ages" first appears in Latin in the 15th century and reflects the view that this period was a deviation from the path of classical learning, a path supposedly reconnected by Renaissance scholarship.
The Middle Ages was a period of European history from the 5th to the 15th century. The period followed the fall of the Western Roman Empire in 476, and preceded the Early Modern Era. It is the middle period in a three-period division of history: Classic, Medieval, and Modern. The term "Middle Ages" first appears in Latin in the 15th century and reflects the view that this period was a deviation from the path of classical learning, a path supposedly reconnected by Renaissance scholarship. The Early Middle Ages saw the continuation of trends set in Late Antiquity, depopulation, deurbanization, and increased barbarian invasion. North Africa and the Middle East, once part of the Eastern Roman Empire, became Islamic. Later in the period, the establishment of the feudal system allowed a return to systemic agriculture. There was sustained urbanization in northern and western Europe. During the High Middle Ages (c. 1000-1300), Christian-oriented art and architecture flourished and Crusades were mounted to recapture the Holy Land from Muslim control. The influence of the emerging nation-state was tempered by the ideal of an international Christendom. The codes of chivalry and courtly love set rules for proper behavior, while the Scholastic philosophers attempted to reconcile faith and reason. Outstanding achievement in this period includes the Code of Justinian, the mathematics of Fibonacci and Oresme, the philosophy of Thomas Aquinas, the painting of Giotto, the poetry of Dante and Chaucer, the travels of Marco Polo, and the architecture of gothic cathedrals such as Chartres.(Wikipedia)
URI: http://rdf.muninn-project.org/ontologies/organization#EraModernhistory
Modern history - Modern history, or the modern era, describes the historical timeline after the Middle Ages. Modern history can be further broken down into the early modern period and the late modern period after the French Revolution and the Industrial Revolution. Contemporary history describes the span of historic events that are immediately relevant to the present time. The modern era began approximately in the 16th century.
Modern history, or the modern era, describes the historical timeline after the Middle Ages. Modern history can be further broken down into the early modern period and the late modern period after the French Revolution and the Industrial Revolution. Contemporary history describes the span of historic events that are immediately relevant to the present time. The modern era began approximately in the 16th century. Many major events caused Europe to change around the turn of the 16th century, starting with the Fall of Constantinople in 1453, the fall of Muslim Spain and the discovery of the Americas in 1492, and Martin Luther's Protestant Reformation in 1517. In England the modern period is often dated to the start of the Tudor period with the victory of Henry VII over Richard III at the Battle of Bosworth in 1485. Early modern European history is usually seen to span from the turn of the 15th century, through the Age of Reason and Age of Enlightenment in the 17th and 18th centuries, until the beginning of the Industrial Revolution in the late 18th century. (Wikipedia)
URI: http://rdf.muninn-project.org/ontologies/organization#EraNapoleonic
Napoleonic era - The Napoleonic Era is a period in the history of France and Europe. It is generally classified as including the fourth and final stage of the French Revolution, the first being the National Assembly, the second being the Legislative Assembly, and the third being the Directory.
The Napoleonic Era is a period in the history of France and Europe. It is generally classified as including the fourth and final stage of the French Revolution, the first being the National Assembly, the second being the Legislative Assembly, and the third being the Directory. The Napoleonic Era begins roughly with Napoleon Bonaparte's coup d'état, overthrowing the Directory, establishing the French Consulate, and ends at the Hundred Days and his defeat at Waterloo (November 9, 1799 - June 28, 1815). The Congress of Vienna soon set out to restore Europe to pre-French Revolution days. Napoleon brought political stability to a land torn by revolution and war. He made peace with the Roman Catholic church and reversed the most radical religious policies of the Convention. In 1804 Napoleon promulgated the Civil Code, a revised body of civil law, which also helped stabilize French society. The Civil Code affirmed the political and legal equality of all adult men and established a merit-based society in which individuals advanced in education and employment because of talent rather than birth or social standing. The Civil Code confirmed many of the moderate revolutionary policies of the National Assembly but retracted measures passed by the more radical Convention. The code restored patriarchal authority in the family, for example, by making women and children subservient to male heads of households. Napoleon's Empire: While working to stabilize France, Napoleon also sought to extend his authority throughout Europe. Napoleon's armies conquered the Iberian and Italian peninsulas, occupied lands, and he forced Austria, Prussia, and Russia to ally with him and respect French hegemony in Europe. Napoleon's empire began to unravel in 1812, when he decided to invade Russia. Unfortunately, Napoleon didn't think before making his move. Underestimating the difficulties his army would have to face while visiting Russia. Convinced that the tsar was conspiring with his British enemies, Napoleon led an army of six-hundred thousand soldiers to Moscow. He captured the city, but the tsar withdrew and set Moscow ablaze, leaving Napoleon's vast army without adequate shelter or supplies. Napoleon ordered a retreat, but the bitter Russian winter destroyed his army, and only a battered remnant of thirty thousand soldiers managed to limp back to France.(Wikipedia)
URI: http://rdf.muninn-project.org/ontologies/organization#EraSecondWorldWar
Second World War Era - The Second World War Era encompasses all the objects of the war, including events or objects that led to the war and immediate aftermath, such as demobilization.
No detailed documentation for this term.
URI: http://rdf.muninn-project.org/ontologies/organization#EraVictorian
Victorian era - The Victorian era of the United Kingdom was the period of Queen Victoria's reign from 20 June 1837 until her death on 22 January 1901. It was a long period of prosperity for the British people. Some scholars extend the beginning of the period—as defined by a variety of sensibilities and political concerns that have come to be associated with the Victorians—back five years to the passage of the Reform Act 1832. The era was preceded by the Georgian period and succeeded by the Edwardian period.
The Victorian era of the United Kingdom was the period of Queen Victoria's reign from 20 June 1837 until her death on 22 January 1901. It was a long period of prosperity for the British people. Some scholars extend the beginning of the period - as defined by a variety of sensibilities and political concerns that have come to be associated with the Victorians - back five years to the passage of the Reform Act 1832. The era was preceded by the Georgian period and succeeded by the Edwardian period. The latter half of the Victorian era roughly coincided with the first portion of the Belle Époque era of continental Europe and the Gilded Age of the United States. The era is often characterised as a long period of peace, known as the Pax Britannica, and economic, colonial, and industrial consolidation, temporarily disrupted by the Crimean War, although Britain was at war every year during this time. Towards the end of the 19th century, the policies of New Imperialism led to increasing colonial conflicts and eventually the Anglo-Zanzibar War and the Boer War. Domestically, the agenda was increasingly liberal with a number of shifts in the direction of gradual political reform and the widening of the voting franchise. The population of England had almost doubled from 16.8 million in 1851 to 30.5 million in 1901. Scotland's population also rose rapidly, from 2.8 million in 1851 to 4.4 million in 1901. Ireland's population decreased rapidly, from 8.2 million in 1841 to less than 4.5 million in 1901. At the same time, around 15 million emigrants left the United Kingdom in the Victorian era and settled mostly in the United States, Canada, and Australia. During the early part of the era, the House of Commons was headed by the two parties, the Whigs and the Tories. From the late 1850s onwards, the Whigs became the Liberals; the Tories became the Conservatives. These parties were led by many prominent statesmen including Lord Melbourne, Sir Robert Peel, Lord Derby, Lord Palmerston, William Ewart Gladstone, Benjamin Disraeli, and Lord Salisbury. The unsolved problems relating to Irish Home Rule played a great part in politics in the later Victorian era, particularly in view of Gladstone's determination to achieve a political settlement. Indeed, these issues would eventually lead to the Easter Rising of 1916 and the subsequent domino effect that would play a large part in the fall of the empire. Victoria's reign lasted for 63 years and 216 days, the longest in British history up to the present day. However, the present monarch, Elizabeth II, will surpass this if she remains on the throne until 9 September 2015. (Wikipedia)
URI: http://rdf.muninn-project.org/ontologies/organization#GenderISO5218-0
Gender Unknown -
No detailed documentation for this term.
URI: http://rdf.muninn-project.org/ontologies/organization#GenderISO5218-1
Man -
No detailed documentation for this term.
URI: http://rdf.muninn-project.org/ontologies/organization#GenderISO5218-2
Woman -
No detailed documentation for this term.
URI: http://rdf.muninn-project.org/ontologies/organization#GenderISO5218-9
Not Available -
No detailed documentation for this term.
URI: http://rdf.muninn-project.org/ww1/2011/11/11/Province/province_of_newfoundland
Newfoundland and Labrador (Province) -
No detailed documentation for this term.
URI: http://rdf.muninn-project.org/ontologies/organization#RoleAunt
Aunt - An aunt or mausi is a person who is the sister or sister-in-law of a parent. A man with an equivalent relationship is an uncle, and the reciprocal relationship is that of a nephew or niece. "Aunt" (or "auntie") may also be an honorific bestowed upon an individual of fictive kinship.
No detailed documentation for this term.
URI: http://rdf.muninn-project.org/ontologies/organization#RoleChild
Child - Biologically, a child is generally a human between the stages of birth and puberty. Some vernacular definitions of a child include the fetus, as being an unborn child. The legal definition of "child" generally refers to a minor, otherwise known as a person younger than the age of majority.
No detailed documentation for this term.
URI: http://rdf.muninn-project.org/ontologies/organization#RoleClergy
Clergy - Clergy is a generic term used to refer to the formal religious leadership within some religions.
No detailed documentation for this term.
URI: http://rdf.muninn-project.org/ontologies/organization#RoleCousin
Cousin - In kinship terminology, a cousin is a relative with whom one shares one or more common ancestors. The term is rarely used when referring to a relative in one's immediate family where there is a more specific term to describe the relationship (e.g. , one's parents, siblings and descendants). The term "blood relative" can be used synonymously and establishes the existence of a genetic link.
No detailed documentation for this term.
URI: http://rdf.muninn-project.org/ontologies/organization#RoleDaughter
Daughter - A daughter is a female offspring; a girl, woman, or female animal in relation to her parents. The male equivalent is a son. Analogously the name is used on several areas to show relations between groups or elements.
No detailed documentation for this term.
URI: http://rdf.muninn-project.org/ontologies/organization#RoleFather
Father - A father is defined as a male parent of any type of offspring. The adjective "paternal" refers to father, parallel to "maternal" for mother. The verb "to father" means to procreate or to sire a child from which also derives the gerund "fathering".
No detailed documentation for this term.
URI: http://rdf.muninn-project.org/ontologies/organization#RoleFriend
Friend -
No detailed documentation for this term.
URI: http://rdf.muninn-project.org/ontologies/organization#RoleGrandparent
Grandparent - Grandparents are the parents of a person's own parent, whether that be a father or a mother. Every sexually-reproducing creature who is not a genetic chimera has a maximum of four genetic grandparents, eight genetic great-grandparents, sixteen genetic great-great-grandparents, etc. Rarely, such as in the case of sibling or half-sibling incest, these numbers are lower.
No detailed documentation for this term.
URI: http://rdf.muninn-project.org/ontologies/organization#RoleHusband
Husband - A husband is a male participant in a marriage. The rights and obligations of the husband regarding his spouse and others, and his status in the community and in law, vary between cultures and has varied over time. Four in five American men get married in their lifetime.
No detailed documentation for this term.
URI: http://rdf.muninn-project.org/ontologies/organization#RoleLeader
Leader -
No detailed documentation for this term.
URI: http://rdf.muninn-project.org/ontologies/organization#RoleMother
Mother - A mother, mom, mum, momma or mama, is a woman who has conceived, given birth to, or raised a child in the role of a parent. Because of the complexity and differences of a mother's social, cultural, and religious definitions and roles, it is challenging to define a mother to suit a universally accepted definition. The male equivalent is a father.
No detailed documentation for this term.
URI: http://rdf.muninn-project.org/ontologies/organization#RoleNephew
Nephew -
No detailed documentation for this term.
URI: http://rdf.muninn-project.org/ontologies/organization#RoleNiece
Niece -
No detailed documentation for this term.
URI: http://rdf.muninn-project.org/ontologies/organization#RoleParent
Parent - A parent is a caretaker of the offspring in their own species. In humans, a parent is the mother or the father figure of a child (where "child" refers to offspring, not necessarily age). Children can have one or more parents, but they must have two biological parents. Biological parents consist of the male who sired the child and the female who gave birth to the child. In all human societies, the biological mother and father are both responsible for raising their young.
No detailed documentation for this term.
URI: http://rdf.muninn-project.org/ontologies/organization#RoleSibling
Sibling - Siblings are people who share at least one parent. A male sibling is called a brother; and a female sibling is called a sister. In most societies throughout the world, siblings usually grow up together and spend a good deal of their childhood socializing with one another. This genetic and physical closeness may be marked by the development of strong emotional bonds such as love or hostility.
No detailed documentation for this term.
URI: http://rdf.muninn-project.org/ontologies/organization#RoleSon
Son - A son is a male offspring; a boy or man in relation to his parents. The female analogue is a daughter.
No detailed documentation for this term.
URI: http://rdf.muninn-project.org/ontologies/organization#RoleUncle
Uncle - Uncle is a family relationship or kinship, the brother or brother-in-law of a parent. A woman with an equivalent relationship is an aunt, and the reciprocal relationship is that of a nephew or niece. In some cultures and families, children may refer to the cousins of their parents as "aunt" or "uncle".
No detailed documentation for this term.
URI: http://rdf.muninn-project.org/ontologies/organization#RoleWife
Wife - A wife is a female partner in a marriage. The rights and obligations of the wife regarding her spouse(s) and others, and her status in the community and in law, varies between cultures and has varied over time.
No detailed documentation for this term.
URI: http://rdf.muninn-project.org/ontologies/organization#RoleWitness
Witness - A witness is someone who has firsthand knowledge about an event, or in the criminal justice systems usually a crime, through his or her senses (e.g. seeing, hearing, smelling, touching) and can help certify important considerations about the crime or event. A witness who has seen the event first hand is known as an eyewitness. Witnesses are often called before a court of law to testify in trials. A subpoena commands a person to appear. It is used to compel the testimony of a witness in a trial.
No detailed documentation for this term.
URI: http://rdf.muninn-project.org/ontologies/organization#SimpleGender-F
Woman -
No detailed documentation for this term.
URI: http://rdf.muninn-project.org/ontologies/organization#SimpleGender-M
Man -
No detailed documentation for this term.
URI: http://rdf.muninn-project.org/ontologies/organization#StrictGender-F
Woman -
No detailed documentation for this term.
URI: http://rdf.muninn-project.org/ontologies/organization#StrictGender-M
Man -
No detailed documentation for this term.
URI: http://rdf.muninn-project.org/ontologies/organization#TradeChaplain
Chaplain - Traditionally, a Chaplain is a minister in a specialized setting such as a priest, pastor, rabbi, or imam or lay representative of a religion attached to a secular institution such as a hospital, prison, military unit, police department, university, or private chapel.
No detailed documentation for this term.
URI: http://rdf.muninn-project.org/ontologies/organization#TradeGroom
Groom (Horse) - A person who works in a stable taking care of horses.
No detailed documentation for this term.
URI: http://rdf.muninn-project.org/ontologies/organization#TradeMatron
Matron - Matron is the job title of a very senior nurse in several countries, including the United Kingdom, its former colonies, including the Republic of Ireland, although the title Clinical Nurse Manager has become acceptable as an alternative.
No detailed documentation for this term.
URI: http://rdf.muninn-project.org/ontologies/organization#TradeNurse
Nurse (Medical) - A nurse is a healthcare professional who, in collaboration with other members of a health care team, is responsible for: treatment, safety, and recovery of acutely or chronically ill individuals; health promotion and maintenance within families, communities and populations; and, treatment of life-threatening emergencies in a wide range of health care settings.
No detailed documentation for this term.
URI: http://rdf.muninn-project.org/ontologies/organization#TradeNursing_Sister
Nursing Sister -
No detailed documentation for this term.
URI: http://rdf.muninn-project.org/ontologies/organization#TradeSailor
Sailor - A sailor, mariner, or seaman is a person who navigates water-borne vessels or assists in their operation, maintenance, or service. The term can apply to professional mariners, military personnel, and recreational sailors as well as a plethora of other uses.
No detailed documentation for this term.
URI: http://rdf.muninn-project.org/ontologies/organization#TradeSister
Sister (Nun) - A nun is a woman who has taken vows committing her to live a spiritual life. She may be an ascetic who voluntarily chooses to leave mainstream society and live her life in prayer and contemplation in a monastery or convent. The term "nun" is applicable to Catholics – both eastern and western traditions – Orthodox Christians, Anglicans, Lutherans, Jains, Buddhists, and Taoists.
No detailed documentation for this term.
The organization ontology is an initial attempt at documenting organizations and their relationships. Please feel free to email comments and concerns.